Task 1: Motherboard identification Identify the components on the motherboard. (Redrawn from your teacher’s Motherboard ID task.)
Motherboard identification diagram back panel ports CR2032 BIOS M.2 2280 A B C D E F G H I J K An original drawing of a desktop motherboard. Match each letter to the component. A choose… CPU socket RAM (DIMM) slots 24-pin ATX power connector 4/8-pin CPU (EPS) power connector SATA ports Chipset with heatsink CMOS battery BIOS/UEFI chip PCIe x1 slot PCIe x16 slot (graphics card) M.2 slot (SSD) IDE connector Northbridge fan B choose… CPU socket RAM (DIMM) slots 24-pin ATX power connector 4/8-pin CPU (EPS) power connector SATA ports Chipset with heatsink CMOS battery BIOS/UEFI chip PCIe x1 slot PCIe x16 slot (graphics card) M.2 slot (SSD) IDE connector Northbridge fan C choose… CPU socket RAM (DIMM) slots 24-pin ATX power connector 4/8-pin CPU (EPS) power connector SATA ports Chipset with heatsink CMOS battery BIOS/UEFI chip PCIe x1 slot PCIe x16 slot (graphics card) M.2 slot (SSD) IDE connector Northbridge fan D choose… CPU socket RAM (DIMM) slots 24-pin ATX power connector 4/8-pin CPU (EPS) power connector SATA ports Chipset with heatsink CMOS battery BIOS/UEFI chip PCIe x1 slot PCIe x16 slot (graphics card) M.2 slot (SSD) IDE connector Northbridge fan E choose… CPU socket RAM (DIMM) slots 24-pin ATX power connector 4/8-pin CPU (EPS) power connector SATA ports Chipset with heatsink CMOS battery BIOS/UEFI chip PCIe x1 slot PCIe x16 slot (graphics card) M.2 slot (SSD) IDE connector Northbridge fan F choose… CPU socket RAM (DIMM) slots 24-pin ATX power connector 4/8-pin CPU (EPS) power connector SATA ports Chipset with heatsink CMOS battery BIOS/UEFI chip PCIe x1 slot PCIe x16 slot (graphics card) M.2 slot (SSD) IDE connector Northbridge fan G choose… CPU socket RAM (DIMM) slots 24-pin ATX power connector 4/8-pin CPU (EPS) power connector SATA ports Chipset with heatsink CMOS battery BIOS/UEFI chip PCIe x1 slot PCIe x16 slot (graphics card) M.2 slot (SSD) IDE connector Northbridge fan H choose… CPU socket RAM (DIMM) slots 24-pin ATX power connector 4/8-pin CPU (EPS) power connector SATA ports Chipset with heatsink CMOS battery BIOS/UEFI chip PCIe x1 slot PCIe x16 slot (graphics card) M.2 slot (SSD) IDE connector Northbridge fan I choose… CPU socket RAM (DIMM) slots 24-pin ATX power connector 4/8-pin CPU (EPS) power connector SATA ports Chipset with heatsink CMOS battery BIOS/UEFI chip PCIe x1 slot PCIe x16 slot (graphics card) M.2 slot (SSD) IDE connector Northbridge fan J choose… CPU socket RAM (DIMM) slots 24-pin ATX power connector 4/8-pin CPU (EPS) power connector SATA ports Chipset with heatsink CMOS battery BIOS/UEFI chip PCIe x1 slot PCIe x16 slot (graphics card) M.2 slot (SSD) IDE connector Northbridge fan K choose… CPU socket RAM (DIMM) slots 24-pin ATX power connector 4/8-pin CPU (EPS) power connector SATA ports Chipset with heatsink CMOS battery BIOS/UEFI chip PCIe x1 slot PCIe x16 slot (graphics card) M.2 slot (SSD) IDE connector Northbridge fan Check my answers Show answers Reset
Why: The CPU socket sits near the power regulators and its own 4/8-pin power; RAM slots are long and next to the CPU; the 24-pin ATX connector feeds the whole board; the long PCIe x16 slot takes a graphics card; the CMOS battery keeps the clock and BIOS settings when the PC is off.
Revise: lesson A1 · ask the tutor about A1
Task 2: Power connectors Match each connector to its name. (Redrawn from your teacher’s Connectors task.)
Seven computer connectors to identify 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Count the pins and look at the shape of each plug. Original drawings of power connectors (not to scale). Match each number to its name. 1 choose… 24-pin slotted connector (ATX) 20-pin slotted connector (older ATX) SATA keyed connector 6/8-pin PCIe power connector Molex keyed connector Berg keyed connector 4-pin to 8-pin auxiliary power connector (EPS) 2 choose… 24-pin slotted connector (ATX) 20-pin slotted connector (older ATX) SATA keyed connector 6/8-pin PCIe power connector Molex keyed connector Berg keyed connector 4-pin to 8-pin auxiliary power connector (EPS) 3 choose… 24-pin slotted connector (ATX) 20-pin slotted connector (older ATX) SATA keyed connector 6/8-pin PCIe power connector Molex keyed connector Berg keyed connector 4-pin to 8-pin auxiliary power connector (EPS) 4 choose… 24-pin slotted connector (ATX) 20-pin slotted connector (older ATX) SATA keyed connector 6/8-pin PCIe power connector Molex keyed connector Berg keyed connector 4-pin to 8-pin auxiliary power connector (EPS) 5 choose… 24-pin slotted connector (ATX) 20-pin slotted connector (older ATX) SATA keyed connector 6/8-pin PCIe power connector Molex keyed connector Berg keyed connector 4-pin to 8-pin auxiliary power connector (EPS) 6 choose… 24-pin slotted connector (ATX) 20-pin slotted connector (older ATX) SATA keyed connector 6/8-pin PCIe power connector Molex keyed connector Berg keyed connector 4-pin to 8-pin auxiliary power connector (EPS) 7 choose… 24-pin slotted connector (ATX) 20-pin slotted connector (older ATX) SATA keyed connector 6/8-pin PCIe power connector Molex keyed connector Berg keyed connector 4-pin to 8-pin auxiliary power connector (EPS) Check my answers Show answers Reset
Why: Count the pins: 24 and 20 are the main ATX power plugs; the 6+2 has a detachable 2-pin part for graphics cards; the 4+4 splits for CPU power; the flat L-shaped plug is SATA; Molex has four round pins; Berg is the small four-pin floppy plug.
Revise: lesson A1 · ask the tutor about A1
Task 3: Ports Name each port. (Based on your teacher’s ports chart.)
Ten ports to identify A B C D E F G H I J Original drawings of common ports (not to scale). Match each letter to the port. A choose… HDMI USB-A USB-C RJ45 (Ethernet) RJ11 (telephone/DSL) VGA DVI DisplayPort 3.5 mm audio jacks PS/2 (keyboard/mouse) Thunderbolt 2 B choose… HDMI USB-A USB-C RJ45 (Ethernet) RJ11 (telephone/DSL) VGA DVI DisplayPort 3.5 mm audio jacks PS/2 (keyboard/mouse) Thunderbolt 2 C choose… HDMI USB-A USB-C RJ45 (Ethernet) RJ11 (telephone/DSL) VGA DVI DisplayPort 3.5 mm audio jacks PS/2 (keyboard/mouse) Thunderbolt 2 D choose… HDMI USB-A USB-C RJ45 (Ethernet) RJ11 (telephone/DSL) VGA DVI DisplayPort 3.5 mm audio jacks PS/2 (keyboard/mouse) Thunderbolt 2 E choose… HDMI USB-A USB-C RJ45 (Ethernet) RJ11 (telephone/DSL) VGA DVI DisplayPort 3.5 mm audio jacks PS/2 (keyboard/mouse) Thunderbolt 2 F choose… HDMI USB-A USB-C RJ45 (Ethernet) RJ11 (telephone/DSL) VGA DVI DisplayPort 3.5 mm audio jacks PS/2 (keyboard/mouse) Thunderbolt 2 G choose… HDMI USB-A USB-C RJ45 (Ethernet) RJ11 (telephone/DSL) VGA DVI DisplayPort 3.5 mm audio jacks PS/2 (keyboard/mouse) Thunderbolt 2 H choose… HDMI USB-A USB-C RJ45 (Ethernet) RJ11 (telephone/DSL) VGA DVI DisplayPort 3.5 mm audio jacks PS/2 (keyboard/mouse) Thunderbolt 2 I choose… HDMI USB-A USB-C RJ45 (Ethernet) RJ11 (telephone/DSL) VGA DVI DisplayPort 3.5 mm audio jacks PS/2 (keyboard/mouse) Thunderbolt 2 J choose… HDMI USB-A USB-C RJ45 (Ethernet) RJ11 (telephone/DSL) VGA DVI DisplayPort 3.5 mm audio jacks PS/2 (keyboard/mouse) Thunderbolt 2 Check my answers Show answers Reset
Why: HDMI is a wide trapezium; DisplayPort has one cut corner; VGA is a blue D-shape with 15 holes in three rows; DVI is wide with a flat blade; RJ45 is wider than RJ11 (8 contacts against 4); USB-C is a small oval that fits either way up.
Revise: lesson A1 · ask the tutor about A1
Task 4: Mobile devices Identify each mobile device, then match each feature to a device. (Based on your teacher’s mobile devices task.)
Five mobile devices to identify ▲ A B C D E Five portable devices. Name each one, then match each feature to the device it best describes. A choose… Smartphone Laptop Tablet Sat-nav Smartwatch (wearable) B choose… Smartphone Laptop Tablet Sat-nav Smartwatch (wearable) C choose… Smartphone Laptop Tablet Sat-nav Smartwatch (wearable) D choose… Smartphone Laptop Tablet Sat-nav Smartwatch (wearable) E choose… Smartphone Laptop Tablet Sat-nav Smartwatch (wearable) GPS receiver and stored maps, mounted on a dashboard choose… Smartphone Laptop Tablet Sat-nav Smartwatch (wearable) Heart-rate sensor; shows notifications from a paired phone choose… Smartphone Laptop Tablet Sat-nav Smartwatch (wearable) Physical keyboard, full operating system, most processing power choose… Smartphone Laptop Tablet Sat-nav Smartwatch (wearable) Large touchscreen, long battery life, often Wi-Fi only choose… Smartphone Laptop Tablet Sat-nav Smartwatch (wearable) Cellular calls and data, cameras, many sensors, fits in a pocket choose… Smartphone Laptop Tablet Sat-nav Smartwatch (wearable) Check my answers Show answers Reset
Why: Choose devices by their features: portability, screen size, input method, connectivity (Wi-Fi, 4G/5G, GPS, Bluetooth) and processing power.
Revise: lesson A1 · ask the tutor about A1
Task 5: Purpose of internal components Match each internal component to its purpose. (From your teacher’s ‘purpose, features and uses of internal components’ task.)
Motherboard choose… Connects all components and lets them communicate Fetches, decodes and executes instructions Holds running programs and data temporarily (volatile) Keeps data permanently when the power is off Converts mains AC to the low DC voltages the components need Connects external devices such as monitors and USB drives Removes heat so the CPU does not overheat or throttle Processes graphics and parallel calculations Holds start-up firmware that cannot be changed easily CPU choose… Connects all components and lets them communicate Fetches, decodes and executes instructions Holds running programs and data temporarily (volatile) Keeps data permanently when the power is off Converts mains AC to the low DC voltages the components need Connects external devices such as monitors and USB drives Removes heat so the CPU does not overheat or throttle Processes graphics and parallel calculations Holds start-up firmware that cannot be changed easily RAM choose… Connects all components and lets them communicate Fetches, decodes and executes instructions Holds running programs and data temporarily (volatile) Keeps data permanently when the power is off Converts mains AC to the low DC voltages the components need Connects external devices such as monitors and USB drives Removes heat so the CPU does not overheat or throttle Processes graphics and parallel calculations Holds start-up firmware that cannot be changed easily Storage (HDD/SSD) choose… Connects all components and lets them communicate Fetches, decodes and executes instructions Holds running programs and data temporarily (volatile) Keeps data permanently when the power is off Converts mains AC to the low DC voltages the components need Connects external devices such as monitors and USB drives Removes heat so the CPU does not overheat or throttle Processes graphics and parallel calculations Holds start-up firmware that cannot be changed easily Power supply (PSU) choose… Connects all components and lets them communicate Fetches, decodes and executes instructions Holds running programs and data temporarily (volatile) Keeps data permanently when the power is off Converts mains AC to the low DC voltages the components need Connects external devices such as monitors and USB drives Removes heat so the CPU does not overheat or throttle Processes graphics and parallel calculations Holds start-up firmware that cannot be changed easily Ports choose… Connects all components and lets them communicate Fetches, decodes and executes instructions Holds running programs and data temporarily (volatile) Keeps data permanently when the power is off Converts mains AC to the low DC voltages the components need Connects external devices such as monitors and USB drives Removes heat so the CPU does not overheat or throttle Processes graphics and parallel calculations Holds start-up firmware that cannot be changed easily Fan and heat sink choose… Connects all components and lets them communicate Fetches, decodes and executes instructions Holds running programs and data temporarily (volatile) Keeps data permanently when the power is off Converts mains AC to the low DC voltages the components need Connects external devices such as monitors and USB drives Removes heat so the CPU does not overheat or throttle Processes graphics and parallel calculations Holds start-up firmware that cannot be changed easily GPU choose… Connects all components and lets them communicate Fetches, decodes and executes instructions Holds running programs and data temporarily (volatile) Keeps data permanently when the power is off Converts mains AC to the low DC voltages the components need Connects external devices such as monitors and USB drives Removes heat so the CPU does not overheat or throttle Processes graphics and parallel calculations Holds start-up firmware that cannot be changed easily ROM choose… Connects all components and lets them communicate Fetches, decodes and executes instructions Holds running programs and data temporarily (volatile) Keeps data permanently when the power is off Converts mains AC to the low DC voltages the components need Connects external devices such as monitors and USB drives Removes heat so the CPU does not overheat or throttle Processes graphics and parallel calculations Holds start-up firmware that cannot be changed easily Check my answers Show answers Reset
Why: For each component, exam answers need the purpose AND a feature (e.g. RAM: capacity in GB, speed; CPU: cores, clock speed, cache) AND a use.
Revise: lesson A1 · ask the tutor about A1
Task 6: Which number base? Tick every number system each set of digits could belong to. (From your teacher’s number representation task.)
Digits Binary Octal Decimal Hexadecimal 1, 2, 3 1 1, 3, a 0, 3, 4, 8 1, 0 1, 9, 8, 5 a, b, c 7 2
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Why: Every digit must be smaller than the base: binary uses 0–1, octal 0–7, decimal 0–9, hexadecimal 0–9 and A–F.
Revise: lesson C1 · ask the tutor about C1
Task 7: Inside a Von Neumann computer Label the parts of the CPU, the buses and memory. (Based on your computer architecture lessons.)
Von Neumann computer to label CPU registers A B C D E F G H I J K A simplified Von Neumann computer. Instructions and data share one memory and one set of buses. A choose… Control unit (CU) Arithmetic logic unit (ALU) Program counter (PC) Memory address register (MAR) Memory data register (MDR) Accumulator (ACC) Address bus Data bus Control bus Main memory (RAM) Input/output devices Cache Clock B choose… Control unit (CU) Arithmetic logic unit (ALU) Program counter (PC) Memory address register (MAR) Memory data register (MDR) Accumulator (ACC) Address bus Data bus Control bus Main memory (RAM) Input/output devices Cache Clock C choose… Control unit (CU) Arithmetic logic unit (ALU) Program counter (PC) Memory address register (MAR) Memory data register (MDR) Accumulator (ACC) Address bus Data bus Control bus Main memory (RAM) Input/output devices Cache Clock D choose… Control unit (CU) Arithmetic logic unit (ALU) Program counter (PC) Memory address register (MAR) Memory data register (MDR) Accumulator (ACC) Address bus Data bus Control bus Main memory (RAM) Input/output devices Cache Clock E choose… Control unit (CU) Arithmetic logic unit (ALU) Program counter (PC) Memory address register (MAR) Memory data register (MDR) Accumulator (ACC) Address bus Data bus Control bus Main memory (RAM) Input/output devices Cache Clock F choose… Control unit (CU) Arithmetic logic unit (ALU) Program counter (PC) Memory address register (MAR) Memory data register (MDR) Accumulator (ACC) Address bus Data bus Control bus Main memory (RAM) Input/output devices Cache Clock G choose… Control unit (CU) Arithmetic logic unit (ALU) Program counter (PC) Memory address register (MAR) Memory data register (MDR) Accumulator (ACC) Address bus Data bus Control bus Main memory (RAM) Input/output devices Cache Clock H choose… Control unit (CU) Arithmetic logic unit (ALU) Program counter (PC) Memory address register (MAR) Memory data register (MDR) Accumulator (ACC) Address bus Data bus Control bus Main memory (RAM) Input/output devices Cache Clock I choose… Control unit (CU) Arithmetic logic unit (ALU) Program counter (PC) Memory address register (MAR) Memory data register (MDR) Accumulator (ACC) Address bus Data bus Control bus Main memory (RAM) Input/output devices Cache Clock J choose… Control unit (CU) Arithmetic logic unit (ALU) Program counter (PC) Memory address register (MAR) Memory data register (MDR) Accumulator (ACC) Address bus Data bus Control bus Main memory (RAM) Input/output devices Cache Clock K choose… Control unit (CU) Arithmetic logic unit (ALU) Program counter (PC) Memory address register (MAR) Memory data register (MDR) Accumulator (ACC) Address bus Data bus Control bus Main memory (RAM) Input/output devices Cache Clock Check my answers Show answers Reset
Why: The PC holds the address of the next instruction; it is copied to the MAR and sent along the address bus; the instruction or data returns on the data bus into the MDR; the CU decodes it and the ALU calculates, with results in the ACC.
Revise: lesson B3 · ask the tutor about B3
Task 8: Logic gate symbols Name each logic gate. (From your logic booklet.)
Six logic gate symbols to identify 1 2 3 4 5 6 Standard logic gate symbols. A small circle (bubble) on the output means NOT. 1 choose… AND OR NOT NAND NOR XOR XNOR 2 choose… AND OR NOT NAND NOR XOR XNOR 3 choose… AND OR NOT NAND NOR XOR XNOR 4 choose… AND OR NOT NAND NOR XOR XNOR 5 choose… AND OR NOT NAND NOR XOR XNOR 6 choose… AND OR NOT NAND NOR XOR XNOR Check my answers Show answers Reset
Why: AND has a flat back and round front; OR has a curved back and pointed front; XOR has an extra curved line at the back; a bubble on the output turns AND into NAND and OR into NOR; NOT is a triangle with a bubble.
Revise: lesson F1 · ask the tutor about F1
Task 9: RAID levels Identify the RAID level of each array, then choose the best description. (From your RAID and NAS lessons.)
Three RAID arrays to identify P A1 A3 A5 Disk 1 A2 A4 A6 Disk 2 Q A1 A2 A3 Disk 1 A1 A2 A3 Disk 2 R A1 B1 Cp Disk 1 A2 Bp C1 Disk 2 Ap B2 C2 Disk 3 Blocks marked ‘p’ hold parity calculated from the other blocks in the same row. P choose… RAID 0 (striping) RAID 1 (mirroring) RAID 5 (striping with distributed parity) RAID 10 JBOD Q choose… RAID 0 (striping) RAID 1 (mirroring) RAID 5 (striping with distributed parity) RAID 10 JBOD R choose… RAID 0 (striping) RAID 1 (mirroring) RAID 5 (striping with distributed parity) RAID 10 JBOD Check my answers Show answers Reset
Why: RAID 0 splits data across disks for speed but has no redundancy; RAID 1 writes identical copies so one disk can fail; RAID 5 spreads data and parity across three or more disks so any one disk can fail and be rebuilt.
Revise: lesson A1 · ask the tutor about A1